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Big Four AI CapEx receiver chain

Break the Big Four hyperscaler capex wave into company share, spend pools, and first-order revenue receivers.

AI CapExHyperscalerNVDAAVGOVRT
Logic Chain

A Reviewable Logic Chain

Each card stays open and maps one transmission node without collapsible controls or pseudo-precise scores.

01
AMZN

$200B

The Big Four 2026E capex midpoint is about $710B; Amazon, Microsoft and Alphabet together are close to 81%.

02
MSFT

$190B

AI compute is the largest pool, but physical data center and power/cooling capacity are the hardest second layer.

03
GOOGL

$185B

The higher the expected revenue share, the larger the equity elasticity, but the more it needs order and capacity proof.

04
META

$135B

The Big Four 2026E capex midpoint is about $710B; Amazon, Microsoft and Alphabet together are close to 81%.

Research note

Scope first

This report uses the 2026-04-29 earnings cycle and later capex summaries as the base: Amazon around $200B, Microsoft around $190B, Alphabet/Google at a $185B midpoint, and Meta at the $135B midpoint of its $125B-$145B range.

The $710B midpoint is not all GPUs. The working split is roughly $360B for AI compute systems, $200B for physical data center infrastructure, $60B for networking/storage, $50B for leases/land/other infrastructure, and $40B for Amazon non-AWS logistics/satellite spend.

Why receiver chains matter

CapEx becomes supplier revenue. First-order receivers are GPU/ASIC/HBM/advanced packaging/server systems; second-order receivers are networking, optics and connectivity; third-order receivers are power, cooling, construction, REITs and PPAs.

The useful question is how large that revenue can be relative to each supplier's future revenue base.

Priority order

The first priority remains NVDA, AVGO, TSM, SK Hynix and MU because they sit closest to compute, HBM and packaging constraints.

The second priority is the physical infrastructure chain represented by VRT, ETN, PWR, EME and FIX, where data center capacity constraints are turning into order visibility.

The third priority is networking and optical interconnect exposure such as ANET, COHR, LITE and ALAB. Elasticity is high, but the proof must come from customer concentration, capacity and order language.

Use boundary

Each row is a revenue-opportunity estimate, not company guidance and not a price target. The future revenue share is a rough elasticity lens.

AVGO and MRVL appear in multiple rows because different revenue layers are being separated; those rows should not be added together.

Receiver Table

Direction / spend pool / ticker / expected revenue

Future revenue share = estimated annual revenue opportunity from Big Four AI/data center CapEx divided by a rough future annual revenue base for the supplier. Supply-chain layers overlap, so rows such as AVGO and MRVL should not be double counted.

Direction Spend pool Ticker Expected revenue Future revenue share Note
GPU / AI accelerators $180B-$260B NVDA $120B-$180B 30%-45% GB200/GB300, CUDA and system supply; share uses a rough future revenue base near $400B.
GPU / AI accelerators $180B-$260B AMD $8B-$20B 7%-16% MI300/MI350/MI450 share-gain case; rough future revenue base near $125B.
AI server systems $60B-$100B DELL $25B-$45B 18%-32% Racks, servers and storage integration; rough future revenue base near $140B.
AI server systems $60B-$100B SMCI $8B-$18B 20%-45% High-density AI servers and liquid cooling; rough future revenue base near $40B.
AI server systems $60B-$100B HPE $2B-$6B 5%-14% HPC/Cray and enterprise AI clusters; rough future revenue base near $43B.
Custom ASIC / TPU / MTIA $60B-$100B AVGO $35B-$55B 35%-55% Google TPU, custom ASIC and packaging pull-through; rough future revenue base near $100B.
Custom ASIC / high-speed interconnect $60B-$100B MRVL $5B-$12B 24%-57% Custom ASIC, DSP and DPU/interconnect read-through; rough future revenue base near $21B.
HBM / DRAM / NAND $170B-$220B SK Hynix $55B-$80B 45%-65% HBM leadership and DRAM upcycle; rough future revenue base near $123B.
HBM / DRAM / NAND $170B-$220B Samsung Electronics $45B-$70B 10%-16% HBM, DRAM, NAND and foundry mix; denominator uses total company revenue near $430B.
HBM / DRAM / NAND $170B-$220B MU $25B-$40B 36%-58% HBM3E, DRAM and NAND AI server attach; rough future revenue base near $69B.
Storage / HDD / SSD $15B-$30B WDC $4B-$8B 13%-27% Nearline HDD and enterprise SSD; rough future revenue base near $30B.
Storage / HDD $15B-$30B STX $3B-$7B 13%-29% Nearline HDD capacity growth; rough future revenue base near $24B.
Advanced node / CoWoS $80B-$130B TSM $45B-$75B 28%-47% N3/N2, CoWoS and advanced packaging; rough future revenue base near $160B.
Semicap equipment $40B-$70B ASML $8B-$15B 19%-36% EUV/High-NA and advanced process expansion; rough future revenue base near $42B.
Semicap equipment $40B-$70B AMAT $6B-$12B 18%-35% Deposition, etch and packaging equipment; rough future revenue base near $34B.
Semicap equipment $40B-$70B LRCX $5B-$10B 22%-43% Memory and advanced logic equipment; rough future revenue base near $23B.
Semicap inspection $40B-$70B KLAC $3B-$7B 18%-41% Yield inspection and process control; rough future revenue base near $17B.
AI networking switches $35B-$60B ANET $7B-$11B 52%-81% Ethernet switching and cloud titans; rough future revenue base near $13.5B.
Networking / Ethernet / ASIC $35B-$60B AVGO $10B-$18B 10%-18% AVGO networking split; already included in the AVGO ASIC exposure and should not be double counted.
Networking / optical interconnect $35B-$60B MRVL $3B-$6B 14%-29% MRVL interconnect split; already included in the MRVL ASIC/interconnect exposure.
Networking equipment $35B-$60B CSCO $4B-$8B 6%-12% Data center switching, routing and enterprise AI networks; rough future revenue base near $67B.
Optical modules / components $20B-$35B COHR $3B-$6B 24%-48% 800G/1.6T modules and components; rough future revenue base near $12.5B.
Optical modules / components $20B-$35B LITE $2B-$5B 29%-71% High-speed optical modules and components; rough future revenue base near $7B.
PCIe / CXL / connectivity chips $8B-$15B ALAB $1B-$3B 31%-94% PCIe retimers, CXL and rack-scale connectivity; rough future revenue base near $3.2B.
Power / UPS / liquid cooling $80B-$130B VRT $6B-$10B 42%-70% UPS, power, thermal management and liquid cooling; rough future revenue base near $14.2B.
Power equipment / distribution $80B-$130B ETN $6B-$11B 18%-32% Distribution, switchgear and data center electrical systems; rough future revenue base near $34B.
Power equipment / automation $80B-$130B Schneider Electric $8B-$14B 15%-26% Electrical systems, controls and energy management; rough future revenue base near $54B.
Electrical equipment / automation $80B-$130B ABB $3B-$7B 8%-19% Electrical automation, distribution and energy management; rough future revenue base near $37B.
Grid / generation equipment $80B-$130B GEV $3B-$8B 6%-16% Generation, grid equipment, transformers and capacity upgrades; rough future revenue base near $50B.
Data center electrical construction $60B-$110B PWR $4B-$8B 11%-23% Transmission, distribution and data center electrical work; rough future revenue base near $35B.
Data center MEP construction $60B-$110B EME $3B-$7B 12%-28% Mechanical and electrical construction; rough future revenue base near $25B.
Data center HVAC / modular $60B-$110B FIX $4B-$8B 29%-57% HVAC, mechanical systems and modular builds; rough future revenue base near $14B.
Data center construction / communications $60B-$110B MTZ $2B-$5B 7%-18% Communications, power and data center construction; rough future revenue base near $28B.
Data center REIT / colocation $20B-$50B EQIX $2B-$5B 17%-42% Colocation, interconnect and leasing expansion; rough future revenue base near $12B.
Data center REIT / colocation $20B-$50B DLR $2B-$5B 22%-56% Large-scale data center leasing and interconnect; rough future revenue base near $9B.
Power supply / PPA $20B-$50B CEG $2B-$6B 4%-12% Nuclear power and long-term PPAs; rough future revenue base near $50B.
Power supply / PPA $20B-$50B VST $1B-$4B 4%-16% Generation capacity and wholesale power exposure; rough future revenue base near $25B.
Power supply / PPA $20B-$50B NRG $1B-$3B 3%-8% Retail power and capacity resources; rough future revenue base near $38B.
Source Trail

Meta / Microsoft / Google / Amazon · 2026E CapEx

Earnings releases, announcements, filings, estimate tables, and reviewable sources.

Core signal
2026E capex guidance, AI server mix, GPU/ASIC/HBM/power construction orders, supplier revenue share
Current read
Compute equipment remains first-order; power, cooling and construction are the second major constraint.
Next question
Which suppliers receive the capex first, and which names are only second-order valuation read-throughs?
Core conclusions
  • The Big Four 2026E capex midpoint is about $710B; Amazon, Microsoft and Alphabet together are close to 81%.

  • AI compute is the largest pool, but physical data center and power/cooling capacity are the hardest second layer.

  • The higher the expected revenue share, the larger the equity elasticity, but the more it needs order and capacity proof.

Next review
01

Whether the four companies keep raising capex guidance or shift more spend into leases

02

Hyperscaler concentration and delivery cadence at NVDA/AMD/AVGO/MRVL

03

Whether TSM CoWoS, HBM supply and advanced packaging remain bottlenecks

04

Whether VRT/ETN/PWR/EME/FIX backlog keeps being pulled by data centers

05

Customer concentration, margin and order wording at ANET/COHR/LITE/ALAB